Cover crop species alter tallgrass prairie community assembly

被引:0
作者
Kaul, Andrew D. [1 ,2 ]
Wilsey, Brian J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, 251 Bessey Hall,2200 Osborn Dr, Ames, IA 50011 USA
[2] Missouri Bot Garden, Ctr Conservat & Sustainable Dev, 4344 Shaw Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
关键词
Grassland; Restoration; Priority effects; Niche modification; DIVERSITY; SOIL; RESTORATION; BIODIVERSITY; INVASION; GRASSES;
D O I
10.1007/s00442-022-05275-9
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Cover crops are increasingly being used in ecological restoration projects, and are hypothesized to facilitate establishment of sown species by reducing weed abundances without competing with the target mix. We tested these predictions and examined the role of cover crop species on later species composition and diversity using cover crop seed treatments. Treatments included a fall seeding of one annual (Raphanus sativus or Avena sativa), one biennial (Oenothera biennis), one perennial species (Elymus canadensis), two grass-forb species combinations, or nothing as a control. All plots received the same diverse tallgrass prairie seed mix in March of the following year. Plant communities were sampled through five growing seasons. We found that cover crop treatments influenced community assembly, and that cover crop species varied in their effectiveness at reducing weed abundances, with the perennial grass E. canadensis being especially effective at reducing weeds. After 5 years, treatments were neutral in their effects on species diversity. However, composition of establishing plants (not including the cover crop) differed significantly among cover crop treatments on all sampling dates, indicating that treatments had long-term effects. Plots containing the C-3 grass E. canadensis had greater abundance of C-3 grasses and forbs, and reduced C-4 grass abundance compared to other treatments. Our results indicate that cover crop species differ in their effects on assembling tallgrass prairie communities and that niche modification (i.e., species altering the abiotic environment in a way that favors species that benefit from the alterations) occurs when the cover crop is a perennial grass.
引用
收藏
页码:413 / 423
页数:11
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