Bioremediation approaches for organic pollutants: A critical perspective

被引:584
作者
Megharaj, Mallavarapu [2 ,4 ]
Ramakrishnan, Balasubramanian [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Venkateswarlu, Kadiyala [1 ,2 ,4 ]
Sethunathan, Nambrattil
Naidu, Ravi [2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Sri Krishnadevaraya Univ, Dept Microbiol, Anantapur 515055, Andhra Pradesh, India
[2] Univ S Australia, Ctr Environm Risk Assessment & Remediat, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
[3] Indian Agr Res Inst, Div Microbiol, New Delhi 110012, India
[4] Cooperat Res Ctr Contaminat Assessment & Remediat, Salisbury S, SA 5106, Australia
关键词
Bioremediation approaches; Organic pollutants; Electrobioremediation; GEMs; Rhizoremediation; Limitations; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION; GENETICALLY-ENGINEERED MICROORGANISMS; ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION ANALYSIS; PAH-DEGRADING BACTERIA; CONTAMINATED SOIL; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ELECTROKINETIC TRANSPORT; NATURAL ATTENUATION; PHENANTHRENE DEGRADATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.envint.2011.06.003
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Due to human activities to a greater extent and natural processes to some extent, a large number of organic chemical substances such as petroleum hydrocarbons, halogenated and nitroaromatic compounds, phthalate esters, solvents and pesticides pollute the soil and aquatic environments. Remediation of these polluted sites following the conventional engineering approaches based on physicochemical methods is both technically and economically challenging. Bioremediation that involves the capabilities of microorganisms in the removal of pollutants is the most promising, relatively efficient and cost-effective technology. However, the current bioremediation approaches suffer from a number of limitations which include the poor capabilities of microbial communities in the field, lesser bioavailability of contaminants on spatial and temporal scales, and absence of bench-mark values for efficacy testing of bioremediation for their widespread application in the field. The restoration of all natural functions of some polluted soils remains impractical and, hence, the application of the principle of function-directed remediation may be sufficient to minimize the risks of persistence and spreading of pollutants. This review selectively examines and provides a critical view on the knowledge gaps and limitations in field application strategies, approaches such as composting, electrobioremediation and microbe-assisted phytoremediation, and the use of probes and assays for monitoring and testing the efficacy of bioremediation of polluted sites. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1362 / 1375
页数:14
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