Phenotypic Characterization of Speed-Associated Gait Changes in Mice Reveals Modular Organization of Locomotor Networks

被引:169
作者
Bellardita, Carmelo [1 ]
Kiehn, Ole [1 ]
机构
[1] Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurosci, Mammalian Locomotor Lab, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
基金
欧洲研究理事会; 英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
MOUSE SPINAL-CORD; V2A INTERNEURONS; FUNCTIONAL-ORGANIZATION; COMMISSURAL INTERNEURONS; GLUTAMATERGIC NEURONS; CIRCUITS; WALKING; EPHA4; COORDINATION; MOTONEURONS;
D O I
10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.005
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Studies of locomotion in mice suggest that circuits controlling the alternating between left and right limbs may have a modular organization with distinct locomotor circuits being recruited at different speeds. It is not clear, however, whether such a modular organization reflects specific behavioral outcomes expressed at different speeds of locomotion. Here, we use detailed kinematic analyses to search for signatures of a modular organization of locomotor circuits in intact and genetically modified mice moving at different speeds of locomotion. We show that wild-type mice display three distinct gaits: two alternating, walk and trot, and one synchronous, bound. Each gait is expressed in distinct ranges of speed with phenotypic inter-limb and intra-limb coordination. A fourth gait, gallop, closely resembled bound in most of the locomotor parameters but expressed diverse inter-limb coordination. Genetic ablation of commissural V0(V) neurons completely removed the expression of one alternating gait, trot, but left intact walk, gallop, and bound. Ablation of commissural V0(V) and V0(D) neurons led to a loss of walk, trot, and gallop, leaving bound as the default gait. Our study provides a benchmark for studies of the neuronal control of locomotion in the full range of speeds. It provides evidence that gait expression depends upon selection of different modules of neuronal ensembles.
引用
收藏
页码:1426 / 1436
页数:11
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