Eating disorders in children with cerebral palsy

Malnutrition is among the main causes of growth disorder in children with cerebral palsy (CP), and nutritional status is an important parameter in the assessment of their overall functionality and quality of life. We reviewed the international literature on the etiology and impact of malnutrition in children with CP and the nutritional support guidelines for this group. Severity of the motor impairment, secondary problems (such as dysphagia and gastroesophageal reflux disease) antiepileptic medication are among the factors that determine the energy needs of these children. Dietary intervention depends on the nutritional status, the ability of the child to consume adequate amounts of solid food and fluids, and the risk of aspiration. Monitoring of the diet and growth should be included in the holistic care of children with CP, as poor nutrition is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Intervention should aim not only at promoting linear growth, but also at enhancing the functional capacity. Obesity among CP children and adolescents is showing an increasing tendency and this is another risk factor that requires intervention, and relevant information should be provided for the caregivers. There are no general guidelines regarding malnutrition in children with CP; personalization of advice is necessary and every case needs to be considered individually.