Effect of Initial Periodontal Treatment on Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Patients with Severe Chronic Periodontitis

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the influence of initial periodontal treatment in patients with severe chronic periodontitis on inflammatory markers related to risk for cardiovascular diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 non-smokers with systemically healthy, including 40 patients (29 female, 11 male) with severe chronic periodontitis (test group) and 40 periodontally healthy participants (21 female, 19 male) (control group) were included into the present study. The probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, gingival index and blood samples were collected at baseline and at the 3rd months after treatment and the serum levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), homocysteine (Hcy), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: At baseline, all clinical periodontal parameters were significantly higher in the chronic periodontitis group than in the periodontally healthy group (p<0.05). After the initial periodontal treatment, in the test group, all of the clinical periodontal parameters showed a significant decrease compared to the baseline values (p<0.05). At baseline, ADMA, Hcy and MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group (p<0.05), and after treatment ADMA and MCP-1 levels showed a significant decrease whereas eNOS level showed significant increase (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that initial periodontal treatment in patients with severe chronic periodontitis has positive effects on cardiovascular risk markers.