Mechanisms of immune-related differentially expressed genes in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy based on the GEO database

被引:4
作者
Gao, Yina [1 ]
Li, Wansen [1 ]
机构
[1] Zhumadian Downtown Hosp, Gen Med Dept, Zhumadian, Peoples R China
关键词
Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO database); thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO); immune infiltration; PROTEIN DISULFIDE-ISOMERASE; GRAVES ORBITOPATHY; PATHWAY; PATHOGENESIS; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; CYTOKINES; DISEASE; CELLS;
D O I
10.21037/atm-22-3470
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Background: We performed a differential analysis, enrichment analysis, and immune-infiltration analysis of the thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) gene using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the immune-related mechanisms of TAO. Methods: We searched the GEO database for "Graves disease" and selected the genes expressed in the lacrimal gland of thyroid-related eye disease patients as the test group and the genes expressed in the lacrimal gland of normal subjects as the control group. Immune-related differentially expressed genes (irDEGs), gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, protein-protein interaction, gene-gene interaction (GGI) network, pivotal gene identification, and immune-infiltration analyses were carried out, and finally, risk-prediction models were constructed. Results: The GSE105149 and GSE58331 data sets contained 200 DEGs, of which 15 were immune-related. In relation to the GO biological processes (BPs), the main pathways included the interleukin (IL)-27-mediated signaling pathway, the IL-35-mediated signaling pathway, cytokine activity, T helper 17 cell differentiation, the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and protein kinase B signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway, and other KEGG pathways. Cluster of differentiation (CD)4(+) T cells, monocytes, M0 macrophages, and Mast cells were significantly elevated in TAO, while M2 macrophages were significantly reduced. In the immune cell correlation analysis, CD4(+) T cells and naive B cells were significantly positively correlated with activated natural killer (NK) cells, and Mast cells were positively correlated with plasma cells and negatively correlated with M2 macrophages. Risk models for a total of 6 genes (i.e., Janus kinase 1, heat shock protein 90-alpha, phospholipase A 2 group IIA, fibroblast growth factor 3, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, and protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 2), were constructed, and over 100 potential targeted therapeutic agents were obtained. Conclusions: In TAO, various types of immune cells infiltrate to different degrees, and the immune response and inflammatory response are throughout the disease. Our constructed risk-prediction models provide a reference for predicting TAO.
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页数:13
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