Pressure retarded osmosis: advancement in the process applications for power generation and desalination

被引:84
作者
Altaee, Ali [1 ]
Sharif, Adel [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ West Scotland, Fac Engn & Phys Sci, Paisley PA1 2BE, Renfrew, Scotland
[2] Qatar Fdn, Qatar Energy & Environm Res Inst, Doha, Qatar
关键词
Pressure retarded osmosis; Osmotic energy; Renewable energy; Salt energy; Osmotic power; Desalination; THIN-FILM COMPOSITE; INTERNAL CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION; HOLLOW-FIBER MEMBRANES; OSMOTIC POWER; FLUX BEHAVIOR; SEAWATER DESALINATION; SALINITY GRADIENTS; SUPPORT LAYER; FEED SOLUTION; ENERGY;
D O I
10.1016/j.desal.2014.09.028
中图分类号
TQ [化学工业];
学科分类号
0817 ;
摘要
The current study highlights the advancement in Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) process and covers most recent development in the process applications. The first application of PRO process goes back to 1973 by Sidney Loeb who suggested using the concept of osmotic energy for power generation. In principle, two solutions of different concentrations are separated by semipermeable membrane of, relatively, high water permeability and solute rejection rate. The high-concentration solution is usually known as the draw solution while the low-concentration solution is called the feed solution. The draw solution is pressurized before entering the membrane. Due to the osmotic pressure gradient across the membrane, fresh water transports in the direction of the osmotic pressure gradients resulting in the dilution of the high-concentration solution. After leaving the membrane, the diluted draw solution is depressurized in a turbine system for power generation. Different types of membrane materials and solute gradient resources were proposed and their impact on the performance of PRO process was investigated. In addition to power generation, the hybridization of PRO process with membrane and thermal processes for power generation and seawater desalination is not unusual nowadays. The current study provides a critical review about the recent advancements in the PRO process and research outcomes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:31 / 46
页数:16
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