Cumulants and correlation functions of net-proton, proton, and antiproton multiplicity distributions in Au plus Au collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

被引：92

作者：

Abdallah, M. S. ^{[5
]}

Adam, J. ^{[6
]}

Adamczyk, L. ^{[2
]}

Adams, J. R. ^{[39
]}

Adkins, J. K. ^{[30
]}

Agakishiev, G. ^{[28
]}

Aggarwal, I ^{[41
]}

Aggarwal, M. M. ^{[41
]}

Ahammed, Z. ^{[61
]}

Alekseev, I ^{[3
,35
]}

Anderson, D. M. ^{[55
]}

Aparin, A. ^{[28
]}

Aschenauer, E. C. ^{[6
]}

Ashraf, M. U. ^{[11
]}

Atetalla, F. G. ^{[29
]}

Attri, A. ^{[41
]}

Averichev, G. S. ^{[28
]}

Bairathi, V ^{[53
]}

Baker, W. ^{[10
]}

Cap, J. G. Ball ^{[20
]}

Barish, K. ^{[10
]}

Behera, A. ^{[52
]}

Bellwied, R. ^{[20
]}

Bhagat, P. ^{[27
]}

Bhasin, A. ^{[27
]}

Bielcik, J. ^{[14
]}

Bielcikova, J. ^{[38
]}

Bordyuzhin, I. G. ^{[3
]}

Brandenburg, J. D. ^{[6
]}

Brandin, A., V ^{[35
]}

Bunzarov, I ^{[28
]}

Butterworth, J. ^{[45
]}

Cai, X. Z. ^{[50
]}

Caines, H. ^{[64
]}

Sanchez, M. Calderon de la Barca ^{[8
]}

Cebra, D. ^{[8
]}

Chakaberia, I ^{[6
,31
]}

Chaloupka, P. ^{[14
]}

Chan, B. K. ^{[9
]}

Chang, F-H ^{[37
]}

Chang, Z. ^{[6
]}

Chankova-Bunzarova, N. ^{[28
]}

Chatterjee, A. ^{[11
]}

Chattopadhyay, S. ^{[61
]}

Chen, D. ^{[10
]}

Chen, J. ^{[49
]}

Chen, J. H. ^{[18
]}

Chen, X. ^{[48
]}

Chen, Z. ^{[49
]}

Cheng, J. ^{[57
]}

机构：

[1] Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA

[2] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, FPACS, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland

[3] NRC Kurchatov Inst, Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia

[4] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA

[5] Amer Univ Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt

[6] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA

[7] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[8] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[9] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[10] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA

[11] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China

[12] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA

[13] Creighton Univ, Omaha, NE 68178 USA

[14] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic

[15] Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany

[16] Eotvos Lorand Univ, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary

[17] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies FIAS, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany

[18] Fudan Univ, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China

[19] Heidelberg Univ, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

[20] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA

[21] Huzhou Univ, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

[22] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res IISER, Berhampur 760010, India

[23] Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res IISER Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India

[24] Indian Inst Technol, Patna 801106, Bihar, India

[25] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA

[26] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Modern Phys, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China

[27] Univ Jammu, Jammu 180001, India

[28] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia

[29] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA

[30] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA

[31] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[32] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA

[33] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany

[34] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[35] Natl Res Nucl Univ MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia

[36] HBNI, Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Jatni 752050, India

[37] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan 70101, Taiwan

[38] CAS, Nucl Phys Inst, Rez 25068, Czech Republic

[39] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[40] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland

[41] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India

[42] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[43] NRC Kurchatov Inst, Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia

[44] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[45] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA

[46] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA

[47] Univ Sao Paulo, BR-05314970 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[48] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China

[49] Shandong Univ, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, Peoples R China

[50] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW C | 2021年 / 104卷 / 02期

基金：

日本学术振兴会; 美国国家科学基金会; 新加坡国家研究基金会; 中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

BARYON NUMBER FLUCTUATIONS; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; PHASE-STRUCTURE; MODEL; QCD; MOMENTS; PERSPECTIVE; KURTOSIS; DIAGRAM; POINT;

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevC.104.024902

中图分类号：

O57 [原子核物理学、高能物理学];

学科分类号：

070202 ;

摘要：

We report a systematic measurement of cumulants, C-n, for net-proton, proton, and antiproton multiplicity distributions, and correlation functions, kappa(n), for proton and antiproton multiplicity distributions up to the fourth order in Au+Au collisions at root s(NN) = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 54.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV. The C-n and kappa(n) are presented as a function of collision energy, centrality and kinematic acceptance in rapidity, y, and transverse momentum, pT. The data were taken during the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program (2010-2017) at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility. The measurements are carried out at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.5) and transverse momentum 0.4 < p(T) < 2.0 GeV/c, using the STAR detector at RHIC. We observe a nonmonotonic energy dependence (root s(NN) = 7.7-62.4 GeV) of the net-proton C-4/C-2 with the significance of 3.1 sigma for the 0-5% central Au+Au collisions. This is consistent with the expectations of critical fluctuations in a QCD-inspired model. Thermal and transport model calculations show a monotonic variation with root s(NN). For the multiparticle correlation functions, we observe significant negative values for a two-particle correlation function, kappa(2), of protons and antiprotons, which are mainly due to the effects of baryon number conservation. Furthermore, it is found that the four-particle correlation function, kappa(4), of protons plays a role in determining the energy dependence of proton C-4/C-1 below 19.6 GeV, which cannot be understood by the effect of baryon number conservation.

引用

页数：34

共 32 条

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Alekseev, I
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Butterworth, J.
Caines, H.
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Chaloupka, P.
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