The influence of employee performance appraisal cynicism on intent to quit and sportsmanship

Purpose Using job demands-resources (JD-R) theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of job demands (difficult performance appraisal (PA) objectives) and job resources (performance feedback and leader member exchange (LMX)) on employee reports of PA cynicism. The paper also investigates the consequences of PA cynicism on intent to quit and bad sportsmanship. Design/methodology/approach Survey data on PA demands and resources, PA cynicism and turnover intentions were obtained from employees. Supervisors rated their employees' level of sportsmanship. Findings Contrary to the predictions of JD-R theory, the authors found that employees are most likely to be cynical when they experience high levels of job resources (LMX and performance feedback) and high levels of job demands (difficult objectives). Originality/value The authors contribute to the PA literature by investigating the role of both job resources and demands. PA research has focused on the specification of job demands, underplaying the role of job resources in employee attitudes toward PA.