Expert Control Systems Implemented in a Pitch Control of Wind Turbine: A Review

Wind energy is the strongest renewable energy source developed in recent decades. Being systems that are directly connected to the grid of the electrical system, it is essential to use the maximum available power of the wind and obtain the maximum electrical power converted from the turbine. In this paper, the fundamental problem of the wind turbine is how to obtain at all times the maximum output power of the turbine in a wide range of wind speed. The randomness of the wind adds an intrinsic difficulty to be able to plan the available wind energy in advance. To solve this problem, it is not necessary to know the dynamic operation of the system; we must anticipate the control response to each one of the different probable scenarios. An expert control system can be used based on human knowledge and experience, which, through proper management of its variables and adequate control of criteria to manipulate stored data, provides a way to determine solutions. In other words, it is a model of the experience of professionals in this field. The more variables in the system are considered, the more complete the model will be, and the more information will be available for decision-making, with a more efficient system and higher results in power generation as a response. For this reason, the objective of this paper is to present expert systems developed in recent years and, thus, offer a control solution that approximates the conditions of different wind turbines.