Comparing self-assessment, functional, and anthropometric techniques in predicting osteoporosis

The Summary The osteoporosis self-assessment tool was more accurate than hand grip strength, gait speed, and calf circumference in predicting osteoporosis in women. Hand grip strength was more accurate than the osteoporosis self-assessment tool, gait speed, and calf circumference in predicting osteoporosis in men. Purpose The osteoporosis self-assessment tool, functional assessment, and anthropometric measurement are different techniques to identify those at risk of osteoporosis. This study aimed to compare the performance of these techniques in predicting osteoporosis. Methods In this cross-sectional, hospital-based study including 1109 participants, the bone mineral density of the spine and hips was evaluated using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool was used as a simple clinical risk assessment tool to screen for osteoporosis. Gait speed and hand grip strength were used as functional assessments to predict osteoporosis. Calf circumference was used as an anthropometric measurement to predict osteoporosis risk. Results In women, the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool was better than hand grip strength, gait speed, and calf circumference in predicting osteoporosis. In contrast, in men, hand grip strength was better than the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool, gait speed, and calf circumference. Conclusion The application of simple, cost-effective techniques for the identification of osteoporosis risk will be beneficial for both screening and patient care when dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is not available. We suggest that the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool can be used to identify the risk of osteoporosis in women and hand grip strength measurement can be used for men.