Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reveals Dissociable Mechanisms for Global Versus Selective Corticomotor Suppression Underlying the Stopping of Action

被引:91
作者
Majid, D. S. Adnan [1 ,2 ]
Cai, Weidong [1 ]
George, Jobi S. [1 ]
Verbruggen, Frederick [3 ]
Aron, Adam R. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Diego, Grad Program Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[3] Univ Exeter, Sch Psychol, Exeter EX4 4QG, Devon, England
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
motor-evoked potential; primary motor cortex; response inhibition; stop signal task; subthalamic nucleus; HUMAN MOTOR SYSTEM; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; RESPONSE-INHIBITION; SURROUND INHIBITION; INTRACORTICAL INHIBITION; VOLITIONAL INHIBITION; CAUDATE-NUCLEUS; SIGNAL; MONKEY; PARADIGMS;
D O I
10.1093/cercor/bhr112
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Stopping an initiated response is an essential function, investigated in many studies with go/no-go and stop-signal paradigms. These standard tests require rapid action cancellation. This appears to be achieved by a suppression mechanism that has "global" effects on corticomotor excitability (i.e., affecting task-irrelevant muscles). By contrast, stopping action in everyday life may require selectivity (i.e., targeting a specific response tendency without affecting concurrent action). We hypothesized that while standard stopping engages global suppression, behaviorally selective stopping engages a selective suppression mechanism. Accordingly, we measured corticomotor excitability of the task-irrelevant leg using transcranial magnetic stimulation while subjects stopped the hand. Experiment 1 showed that for standard (i.e., nonselective) stopping, the task-irrelevant leg was suppressed. Experiment 2 showed that for behaviorally selective stopping, there was no mean leg suppression. Experiment 3 directly compared behaviorally nonselective and selective stopping. Leg suppression occurred only in the behaviorally nonselective condition. These results argue that global and selective suppression mechanisms are dissociable. Participants may use a global suppression mechanism when speed is stressed; however, they may recruit a more selective suppression mechanism when selective stopping is behaviorally necessary and preparatory information is available. We predict that different fronto-basal-ganglia pathways underpin these different suppression mechanisms.
引用
收藏
页码:363 / 371
页数:9
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