Previous studies have shown that the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with season of birth with a higher proportion of MS patients being born in spring. However, this relationship has recently been questioned and may be due to confounding factors. Our aim was to assess the influence from season or month of birth on the risk of developing MS in Sweden and Iceland. Information about month of birth, gender, and phenotype of MS for patients born 1940-1996 was retrieved from the Swedish MS registry (SMSR), and their place of birth was retrieved from the Swedish Total Population Registry (TPR). The corresponding information was retrieved from medical journals of Icelandic MS patients born 1981-1996. The control groups consisted of every person born in Sweden 1940-1996, their gender and county of birth (TPR), and in Iceland all persons born between 1981 and 1996 and their gender (Statistics Iceland). We calculated the expected number of MS patients born during each season and in every month and compared it with the observed number. Adjustments were made for gender, birth year, and county of birth. We included 12,020 Swedish and 108 Icelandic MS patients in the analyses. There was no significant difference between expected and observed MS births related to season or month of birth in Sweden or Iceland. This was even the results before adjustments were made for birth year and birth place. No significant differences were found in subgroup analyses including data of latitude of birth, gender, clinical phenotype, and MS onset of 30 years or less. Our results do not support the previously reported association between season or month of birth and MS risk. Analysis of birth place and birth year as possible confounding factors showed no major influence of them on the seasonal MS risk in Sweden and Iceland.
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Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford OX3 9DU, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Ramagopalan, S. V.
Link, J.
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Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Ctr Mol Med, Stockholm, SwedenUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Link, J.
Byrnes, J. K.
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Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Byrnes, J. K.
Dyment, D. A.
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Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford OX3 9DU, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Dyment, D. A.
Giovannoni, G.
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Queen Mary Univ, Inst Cell & Mol Sci, London, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Giovannoni, G.
Hintzen, R. Q.
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Erasmus MC, MS Ctr ErasMS, Dept Neurol, Rotterdam, NetherlandsUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Hintzen, R. Q.
Sundqvist, E.
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Karolinska Univ Hosp, Ctr Mol Med, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, SwedenUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Sundqvist, E.
Kockum, I.
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Karolinska Univ Hosp, Ctr Mol Med, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, SwedenUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Kockum, I.
Smestad, C.
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Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Oslo, NorwayUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Smestad, C.
Lic, B. A.
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Univ Oslo, Rikshosp, Inst Immunol, Oslo Univ Hosp, N-0027 Oslo, NorwayUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Lic, B. A.
Harbo, H. F.
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Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Oslo, Norway
Univ Oslo, Fac Div Ulleval, Dept Neurol, N-0316 Oslo, NorwayUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Harbo, H. F.
Padyukov, L.
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Karolinska Inst, Rheumatol Unit, Dept Med, Stockholm, SwedenUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Padyukov, L.
Alfredsson, L.
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Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden
Karolinska Inst, Stockholm Ctr Publ Hlth, S-10401 Stockholm, SwedenUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Alfredsson, L.
Olsson, T.
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Karolinska Univ Hosp, Ctr Mol Med, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, SwedenUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Olsson, T.
Sadovnick, A. D.
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, UBC Hosp, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Univ British Columbia, Div Neurol, UBC Hosp, Fac Med, Vancouver, BC, CanadaUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Sadovnick, A. D.
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Hillert, J.
Ebers, G. C.
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Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford OX3 9DU, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
机构:
Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Ramagopalan, Sreeram V.
Herrera, Blanca M.
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Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Herrera, Blanca M.
Valdar, William
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Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Valdar, William
Dyment, David A.
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机构:
Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Dyment, David A.
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Orton, Sarah-Michelle
Yee, Irene M.
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, CanadaUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Yee, Irene M.
Criscuoli, Maria
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, CanadaUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Criscuoli, Maria
Atkins, Kevin
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, CanadaUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Atkins, Kevin
Ebers, George C.
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Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Univ Oxford, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford, EnglandUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
Ebers, George C.
Sadovnick, A. Dessa
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Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Div Neurol, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, CanadaUniv Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford, England
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Univ Calif San Francisco, Adult & Pediat Multiple Sclerosis Ctr, 675 Nelson Rising Ln,Ste 221,POB 3206, San Francisco, CA 94158 USAUniv Calif San Francisco, Adult & Pediat Multiple Sclerosis Ctr, 675 Nelson Rising Ln,Ste 221,POB 3206, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA