Available Toolkits for CRISPR/CAS Genome Editing in Plants

At present, CRISPR/Cas genome editing is the most effective and fast method to produce plants with desired traits. Unlike traditional genetic engineering, this method induces precise modifications in target sites of the genome. Therefore, in addition to applied tasks, genome editing is often used for basic investigation of native plant genes. However, the CRISPR/Cas technique has so far been tested in bacterial and animal objects rather than plants. Nevertheless, there are easy-to-use vector systems containing a wide range of elements designed for plant genome editing and regulation of target genes' expression. Researchers should only choose an appropriate system and adapt it to their object and the aim of the experiment. In this paper, opportunities offered by currently available systems for plant genome editing are reviewed in detail.