Electromagnetic propagation in troposphere: Inverse problem using optimization approaches

This paper deals with the electromagnetic characterisation of the tropospheric medium (refractive index) above the sea surface. Assuming the emitted signal and the far field are known parameters, our purpose is the determination of the refractive index map. Our methods consist in least square approaches deduced from different optimization algorithms. First, the electromagnetic field at the reciever (far field) is supposed to be recorded without noise. Then, the inverse problem with a strong gaussian noise is considered. To obtain numerical data, a parabolic propagation model simulate the direct problem and synthetic data are computed.