Anti-proliferative and Pro-apoptotic Effect of Dichloromethane Extract of Octopus vulgaris By-Products on Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Octopus by-products are considered as a waste and no data of the activity of their lipid fractions have ever been reported. The aim of this study was to valorize Octopus vulgaris by-products by investigating their dichloromethane extract effect on proliferation and apoptosis of human breast cancer cell lines. Two lipidics subfractions, F3336 and F3740, of Octopus by-products were obtained by silica gel chromatography after total lipid extraction. Their effects on proliferation, migration and apoptosis were examined on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines. The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazol)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromides (MTT) assay was used for the cell viability. Cell death was determined by flow cytometric analysis after 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) staining. MDA-MB-231 invasion and migration were analyzed using the Boyden chamber and wound healing assay. Treatment with the two lipidics subfractions showed a reduction in the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines in a dose dependent manner. Treatments significantly inhibited MCF-7 cells growth than MDA-MB 231 cells. Moreover, the two lipidics subfractions induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells and reduced invasion and migration of MDA-MB 231 cells. This study shows for the first time that O. vulgaris lipid extracts have an antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on human breast cancer cell lines.