From Nuclei to the Cosmos: Tracing Heavy-Element Production with the Oldest Stars

被引：125

作者：

Frebel, Anna ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[2] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

来源：

ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE SCIENCE, VOL 68 | 2018年 / 68卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Milky Way Galaxy; stellar chemical abundances; metal-poor stars; dwarf galaxies; nucleosynthesis; early Universe; METAL-POOR STARS; NEUTRON-CAPTURE ELEMENTS; PROCESS ENHANCED STAR; GIANT BRANCH STARS; LTE LINE FORMATION; LOW-METALLICITY STARS; R-PROCESS ELEMENTS; S-PROCESS; CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES; MASSIVE STARS;

D O I：

10.1146/annurev-nucl-101917-021141

中图分类号：

O57 [原子核物理学、高能物理学];

学科分类号：

070202 ;

摘要：

Understanding the origin of the elements has been a decades-long pursuit, with many open questions remaining. Old stars found in the Milky Way and its dwarf satellite galaxies can provide answers because they preserve clean element abundance patterns of the nucleosynthesis processes that operated some 13 billion years ago, enabling reconstruction of the chemical evolution of the elements. Allis review focuses on the astrophysical signatures of heavy neutron-capture elements made in the s-, i-, and r-processes Found in old stars. A highlight is the recently discovered r-process galaxy Reticulum II, which was enriched by a neutron star merger. 'These results show that old stars in dwarf galaxies provide a novel means to constrain the astrophysical site of the r-process, ushering in much-needed progress on this major outstanding question. This nuclear astrophysics research complements the many experimental and theoretical nuclear physics efforts into heavy-element formation, and also aligns with results on the gravitational wave signature of neutron star mergers.

引用

页码：237 / 269

页数：33

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