Characterization and discrete element simulation of grading and shape-dependent behavior of JS']JSC-1A Martian regolith simulant

Granular regolith simulants have been extensively used in the preparation of space missions to test rovers and scientific instruments. In thiswork, the physical and mechanical properties of the JSC-1A Martian regolith simulant (MRS) are characterized using conventional and advanced laboratory techniques. Particle images are obtained using X-ray computed tomography, from which particle shapes are characterized through a series of imaging processing techniques and are further used to generate irregularlyshaped numerical particles. The characterized particle size distribution and irregularly-shaped numerical particles are incorporated into a discrete element model to simulate grading and shape-dependent behavior of the JSC-1A MRS. The developed discrete element model is calibrated and validated against laboratory direct shear tests. Simulations without the consideration of particle shapes and simulations with a rolling resistance contact model are also performed to investigate the effect of particle shapes on the behavior of the JSC-1A MRS.