Occurrence of antibiotics in eight sewage treatment plants in Beijing, China

被引:327
作者
Gao, Lihong [1 ,2 ]
Shi, Yali [1 ]
Li, Wenhui [1 ]
Niu, Hongyun [1 ]
Liu, Jiemin [2 ]
Cai, Yaqi [1 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Civil & Environm Engn Sch, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Antibiotics; Occurrence; STPs; Removal efficiency; Sludge; Seasonal variation; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTICS; TREATMENT FACILITIES; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; MASS FLOWS; PHARMACEUTICALS; REMOVAL; FATE;
D O I
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.11.019
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The occurrence, removal efficiency and seasonal variation of 22 antibiotics, including eight fluoroquinolones, nine sulfonamides and five macrolides, were investigated in eight sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Beijing, China. A total of 14 antibiotics were detected in wastewater samples, with the maximum concentration being 3.1 ug L-1 in the influent samples and 1.2 mu g L-1 in the effluent samples. The most frequently detected antibiotics were ofloxacin, norfloxacin, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin and roxithromycin; of these, the concentration of ofloxacin was the highest in most of the influent and effluent samples. Eighteen antibiotics were detected in the sludge samples, with concentrations ranging from 1.0 x 10(-1) to 2.1 x 104 mu g kg(-1). The dominant antibiotics found in the sludge samples were the fluoroquinolones, with ofloxacin having the highest concentration in all the sludge samples. The antibiotics could not be removed completely by the STPs, and the mean removal efficiency ranged from -34 to 72%. Of all the antibiotics, the fluoroquinolones were removed comparatively more efficiently, probably due to their adsorption to sludge. Seasonal variation of the antibiotics in the sludge samples was also studied. The concentrations of antibiotics in winter were higher than in spring and autumn. Since the total levels of the fluoroquinolones detected in the influent samples were lower than the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) of 8.0 mu g L-1, the residues of these antibiotics would be unlikely to have adverse effects on microorganisms involved in sewage treatment processes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:665 / 671
页数:7
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