Toward the Resilient Design of Interdependencies Between Hydrogen Refueling and Power Systems

Hydrogen vehicles are expected to play a significant role in realizing zero-carbon transportation. Hydrogen vehicles will be serviced at hydrogen refueling stations, where electrolysis (i.e., the process of using electricity to split water) will be the primary means of local hydrogen production. In that regard, the transportation and power systems will be increasingly interdependent through hydrogen refueling stations, forming a coupled hydrogen-power system (H-P coupled system). In this article, we propose a graph-based approach for evaluating and enhancing the structural resilience of the H-P coupled system. On the one hand, a graph-based modeling method for the H-P coupled system is proposed based on multilayer network theory, and a resilience metric for the H-P coupled system is developed based on the Laplacian matrix. On the other hand, an optimization model is constructed for designing the coupling patterns of H-P coupled systems with the resilience goal. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted for validating the effectiveness of the proposed method. We look forward that this article will provide guidance for harmonizing the planning of hydrogen refueling and power systems, thereby contributing to the large-scale deployment of hydrogen refueling stations.