Analysis of the Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging on Harmonic Voltages in a Low-Voltage Distribution Network

Electric vehicles (EVs) retain the focus of the public attention because of the constant development and promotion of their technology and global warming awareness. Their integration is expected to experience an exponential rise along with new challenges for the existing networks. Simultaneous and unregulated charging of a large fleet of EVs increasingly burdens the power system and negatively affects the power quality parameters, especially during the daily peak-period. The paper analyses the power quality analysis of a low-voltage distribution network in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Different EV types are investigated, such as Mitsubishi i-MiEV, Renault ZOE, Volkswagen e-Golf, and Tesla X, to determine their impact on harmonic voltages impact for three EV penetration levels: 10%, 20% and 50%. Wallbox charging mode is also investigated. The results are evaluated compliably with the European power-quality standard EN 50160. Results show that none of the analyzed EV penetration scenarios violate the permissible harmonic voltage limits, except for the 50% EV penetration scenario with wallbox charging.