A review of impacts of temperature and relative humidity on various activities of honey bees

The importance of pollination services by honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) and their products is well-known. However, honey bee colonies currently face many challenges. These challenges include both biotic and abiotic factors. In this article, the impacts of abiotic factors (mainly temperature and relative humidity) on honey bee activities are reviewed. The suitable ranges of these two factors and the potential impacts of atypical minimal or maximal limits are presented. Social homeostasis of honey bees, and activities inside and outside the colony that are influenced by these two factors are included, followed by a suggestion of additional studies.