Remaining challenges with Class II resin-based composite restorations

The remaining challenges with some types and brands of Class II resin-based composite include surface roughness and a dull appearance that occurs during service, polymerization shrinkage that occurs during curing, and restoration wear during service that is more than the wear of enamel. All three of these conditions have minor-to-moderate observable negative clinical effects and need to be reduced or eliminated. Unpredictable postoperative tooth sensitivity and open contact areas can be overcome with the techniques I discuss in this article. I predict that Class II resin-based composite materials gradually will replace other restorative materials, mainly amalgam, for routine use in posterior tooth restorations. I encourage manufacturers to direct their energies and research creativity to overcoming the remaining challenges inherent in resin-based composite materials. I encourage clinicians to use the known procedures that will optimize the ability of resin-based composite to serve symptom-free and with characteristics acceptable in the long term.