Development of designs for RCC mixtures with waste material

Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) offers a cost-effectiveness and ease of construction concrete pavement alternative. The use of waste materials into RCC pavement contributes to sustainable development with economic and environmental benefits. Traditional RCC mixture proportioning method does not objectively consider waste materials such as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) or crumb rubber and thus may not meet performance criteria. Numerous statistical and robust design methods have been used for optimising the design of concrete mixture. However, the available methods cannot satisfy practical requirements for concrete mixtures incorporated waste materials. This methodology is unique in that it is specifically designed to focus on mixtures containing RAP and crumb rubber. In this paper, a statistical method called Taguchi is applied to optimise the mix design of RCC mixtures incorporated RAP and rubber materials. Parameters such as compressive and flexural strengths, density and toughness index are selected to study RCC performance characteristics. The best possible levels of mix proportions are determined for maximising compressive and flexural strength with considering the toughness property. These optimal values in the preparation of RCC specimens are determined experimentally. In addition, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed on RCC parameters such as flexural and compressive strengths and toughness index.