Micro/nano-structured electrospun membranes with superhydrophobic and photodynamic antibacterial performances

Bacterial infection has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, which gives rise to numerous disasters in humans. General superhydmphobic surface displays remarkable bacterial repellence, but generally lack essential antimicrobial activity, and is hard to get a totally bacteria-free surface. In this study, we report a micro/nano-structured electmspun membrane with both superhydmphobic and photodynamic antibacterial performances. Through a facile and convenient electrospinning method, a series of composite membranes consisting of poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF) nano-sized fiber, micro-sized polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles and photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) are prepared, which can be transformed into superhydrophobic membranes after a surface fluorination. The optimized superhydmphobic membrane demonstrates remarkable bacterial repellence with very low bacterial adhesion (similar to 3.6% for S. aureus and similar to 4.3% for E. coil), and also possesses effective photodynamic antimicrobial activities, under vis-light illumination, even can get a totally bacterial-free surface against S. aureus. Additionally, the membrane also showed no obvious hemolysis as well as low-level cytotoxicity. This work may inspire the development of novel antibacterial membrane surfaces with both bacterial repellence and bactericidal performances for high-efficient and safe bacterial disinfection.