Phenytoin - An anti-seizure drug: Overview of its chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology

被引：61
作者：
Patocka, Jiri [1 ,2 ]
Wu, Qinghua [3 ,4 ]
Nepovimova, Eugenie [3 ]
Kuca, Kamil [2 ,3 ]
机构：
[1] Univ South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice, Dept Radiol & Toxicol, Fac Hlth & Social Studies, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
[2] Univ Hosp, Biomed Res Ctr, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
[3] Univ Hradec Kralove, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
[4] Yangtze Univ, Coll Life Sci, Jingzhou 434025, Peoples R China
来源：
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY | 2020年 / 142卷
关键词：
Phenytoin; Pharmacokinetics; Toxicity; Side effect; DRESS syndrome; Cerebellar atrophy; ACUTE RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; SYMPTOMS DRESS SYNDROME; PURSUIT EYE-MOVEMENTS; PURPLE GLOVE SYNDROME; ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS; CEREBELLAR ATROPHY; SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS; HUMAN CYTOCHROME-P450; ANTICONVULSANT DRUG; TOPICAL PHENYTOIN;
D O I：
10.1016/j.fct.2020.111393
中图分类号：
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号：
0832 ;
摘要：
Phenytoin is a long-standing, anti-seizure drug widely used in clinical practice. It has also been evaluated in the context of many other illnesses in addition to its original epilepsy indication. The narrow therapeutic index of phenytoin and its ubiquitous daily use pose a high risk of poisoning. This review article focuses on the chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology of phenytoin, with a special focus on its mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. The side effects on human health associated with phenytoin use are thoroughly described. In particular, DRESS syndrome and cerebellar atrophy are addressed. This review will help in further understanding the benefits phenytoin use in the treatment of epilepsy.
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页数：8
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