Reward and Uncertainty Favor Risky Decision-Making in Pilots: Evidence from Cardiovascular and Oculometric Measurements

被引:31
作者
Causse, Mickael [1 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ]
Baracat, Bruno [2 ]
Pastor, Josette [3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Dehais, Frederic [7 ]
机构
[1] Ctr Aeronaut & Spatial, Inst Super Aeronaut & Espace, F-31055 Toulouse 4, France
[2] Univ Albi, F-81012 Albi, France
[3] Univ Toulouse, F-31059 Toulouse 9, France
[4] UPS, F-31059 Toulouse 9, France
[5] INSERM, Imagerie Cerebrale & Handicaps Neurol UMR 825, F-31059 Toulouse 9, France
[6] CHU Purpan, F-31059 Toulouse 9, France
[7] Univ Toulouse, Ctr Aeronaut & Spatial ISAE SUPAERO, F-31055 Toulouse 4, France
关键词
Heart rate; Heart rate variability; Eye tracking; Aviation safety; Decision making; Reward; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; FLIGHT RULES FLIGHT; HEART-RATE; MENTAL WORKLOAD; TASK; EMOTIONS; PERFORMANCE; MOTIVATION; TRACKING; INDEXES;
D O I
10.1007/s10484-011-9163-0
中图分类号
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号
040203 ;
摘要
In this paper we examined plan continuation error (PCE), a well known error made by pilots consisting in continuing the flight plan despite adverse meteorological conditions. Our hypothesis is that a large range of strong negative emotional consequences, including those induced by economic pressure, are associated with the decision to revise the flight plan and favor PCE. We investigated the economic hypothesis with a simplified landing task (reproduction of a real aircraft instrument) in which uncertainty and reward were manipulated. Heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV) and eye tracking measurements were performed to get objective clues both on the cognitive and emotional state of the volunteers. Results showed that volunteers made more risky decisions under the influence of the financial incentive, in particular when uncertainty was high. Psychophysiological examination showed that HR increased and total HRV decreased in response to the cognitive load generated by the task. In addition, HR also increased in response to the financially motivated condition. Eventually, fixation times increased when uncertainty was high, confirming the difficulty in obtaining/interpreting information from the instrument in this condition. These results support the assumption that risky-decision making observed in pilots can be, at least partially, explained by a shift from cold to hot (emotional) decision-making in response to economic constraints and uncertainty.
引用
收藏
页码:231 / 242
页数:12
相关论文
共 58 条