Extra-pulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis

被引：45
作者：
Vardhanabhuti, V. [1 ]
Venkatanarasimha, N. [2 ]
Bhatnagar, G. [1 ]
Maviki, M. [1 ]
Iyengar, S. [1 ]
Adams, W. M. [1 ]
Suresh, P. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Derriford Hosp, Dept Radiol, Plymouth PL6 8DH, Devon, England
[2] St Michaels Hosp, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
来源：
CLINICAL RADIOLOGY | 2012年 / 67卷 / 03期
关键词：
MUSCULAR SARCOIDOSIS; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS; IMAGING FEATURES; FDG PET; NEUROSARCOIDOSIS; MRI; THERAPY; INVOLVEMENT; DISEASE; MDCT;
D O I：
10.1016/j.crad.2011.04.018
中图分类号：
R8 [特种医学]; R445 [影像诊断学];
学科分类号：
1002 ; 100207 ; 1009 ;
摘要：
Although, the diagnosis and evaluation of sarcoidosis has traditionally remained confined to the chest, its multi-system nature has been widely recognized. Radiological features of pulmonary sarcoidosis are well known but extra-pulmonary manifestations can produce a plethora of non-specific imaging findings that can affect subcutaneous tissue, and the neurological, cardiac, gastrointestinal, urological, liver, spleen, and skeletal systems. In the literature, there are various case reports and specific system reviews but there are few reviews that encompass all the extra-pulmonary manifestations. In this paper, we comprehensively review the imaging features of extra-pulmonary sarcoidosis with characteristic features as well as atypical presentations. In addition, we discuss the emerging role of nuclear medicine in sarcoidosis. (C) 2011 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码：263 / 276
页数：14
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