The shape of jets during discharge of a superheated liquid (structure of wave formations and the reactive force)

Based on the boiling shock concept, a physical model of discharge from orifices and short nozzles of the flashing liquid with temperatures reaching the critical thermodynamic temperature has been constructed. The mechanism of formation of "daisy-shaped" jets that accompany the discharge modes with the radial jet expansion has been investigated. It has been shown that in the case under consideration the flow separates into two areas not connected with each other, viz., the central core in the vicinity of the flow axis and the peripheral liquid expansion region. The geometry of shock wave formations that occur during discharge of a high-temperature liquid has been studied. Comparison with experimental data shows a good agreement. The effect of a stepwise drop in the reactive force to zero upon onset of discharge modes with a jet radial expantion has been explained.