A novel holistic framework for genetic-based captive-breeding and reintroduction programs

被引:73
作者
Attard, C. R. M. [1 ]
Moller, L. M. [1 ]
Sasaki, M. [1 ]
Hammer, M. P. [2 ]
Bice, C. M. [3 ]
Brauer, C. J. [1 ]
Carvalho, D. C. [1 ,4 ]
Harris, J. O. [1 ]
Beheregaray, L. B. [1 ]
机构
[1] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
[2] Museum & Art Gallery Northern Terr, POB 4646, Browns Mills, NJ 08015 USA
[3] SARDI Aquat Sci, Inland Waters & Catchment Ecol Program, POB 120, Henley Beach, SA 5022, Australia
[4] Pontificia Univ Catolica Minas Gerais, BR-30535610 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
conservation genetics; extinction; fish; genetic diversity; management; restoration genomics; conservacion genetica; diversidad genetica; extincion; genetica genomica de restauracion; manejo; peces; CONSERVATION GENETICS; NEWLY RARE; MANAGEMENT;
D O I
10.1111/cobi.12699
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Research in reintroduction biology has provided a greater understanding of the often limited success of species reintroductions and highlighted the need for scientifically rigorous approaches in reintroduction programs. We examined the recent genetic-based captive-breeding and reintroduction literature to showcase the underuse of the genetic data gathered. We devised a framework that takes full advantage of the genetic data through assessment of the genetic makeup of populations before (past component of the framework), during (present component), and after (future component) captive-breeding and reintroduction events to understand their conservation potential and maximize their success. We empirically applied our framework to two small fishes: Yarra pygmy perch (Nannoperca obscura) and southern pygmy perch (Nannoperca australis). Each of these species has a locally adapted and geographically isolated lineage that is endemic to the highly threatened lower Murray-Darling Basin in Australia. These two populations were rescued during Australia's recent decade-long Millennium Drought, when their persistence became entirely dependent on captive-breeding and subsequent reintroduction efforts. Using historical demographic analyses, we found differences and similarities between the species in the genetic impacts of past natural and anthropogenic events that occurred in situ, such as European settlement (past component). Subsequently, successful maintenance of genetic diversity in captivitydespite skewed brooder contribution to offspringwas achieved through carefully managed genetic-based breeding (present component). Finally, genetic monitoring revealed the survival and recruitment of released captive-bred offspring in the wild (future component). Our holistic framework often requires no additional data collection to that typically gathered in genetic-based breeding programs, is applicable to a wide range of species, advances the genetic considerations of reintroduction programs, and is expected to improve with the use of next-generation sequencing technology. Un Marco de Referencia Holistico Novedoso para Programas de Reproduccion en Cautiverio Basada en Genetica y de Reintroduccion Investigaciones sobre biologia de la reintroduccion han proporcionado un mejor entendimiento del, a menudo, exito limitado de las reintroducciones de especies y han resaltado la necesidad de aproximaciones rigorosas cientificamente en los programas de reintroduccion. Examinamos la literatura reciente sobre reproduccion en cautiverio basada en genetica y reintroduccion para exhibir la subutilizacion de los datos geneticos. Disenamos un marco de referencia que obtiene la mayor ventaja de los datos geneticos mediante la evaluacion de la composicion genetica de las poblaciones antes (componente pasado del marco de referencia), durante (componente presente), y despues (componente futuro) de eventos de reproduccion en cautiverio y de reintroduccion para entender su potencial de conservacion y maximizar su exito. Aplicamos nuestro marco de referencia empiricamente con dos especies de peces pequenos: Nannoperca obscura y N. australis. Cada especie tiene un linaje adaptado localmente y aislado geograficamente endemico de la muy amenazada Cuenca Baja Murray-Darling, Australia. Las dos poblaciones fueron rescatadas durante la reciente Sequia del Milenio que duro diez anos en Australia, cuando su persistencia se volvio totalmente dependiente de esfuerzos de reproduccion en cautiverio y subsecuente reintroduccion. Mediante analisis demograficos historicos, encontramos diferencias y similitudes entre las especies en los impactos geneticos de eventos naturales y antropogenicos pasados que ocurrieron in situ, como el asentamiento europeo (componente pasado). Subsecuentemente, el mantenimiento exitoso de la diversidad genetica en cautiverio - no obstante la contribucion de reproductores sesgada - fue posible por el manejo cuidadoso de la reproduccion basada en genetica (componente presente). Finalmente, el monitoreo genetico revelo la supervivencia y reclutamiento de crias obtenidas en cautiverio liberadas en el medio silvestre. Nuestro marco de referencia holistico a menudo no requiere de datos adicionales a los obtenidos tipicamente en programas de reproduccion basados en genetica, es aplicable a un rango amplio de especies, es un avance en las consideraciones geneticas de los programas de reintroduccion, y mejorara con el uso de tecnologia de secuenciacion de ultima generacion. Resumen
引用
收藏
页码:1060 / 1069
页数:10
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