Identification, characterization, and expression of two novel P450 genes CYP6BQ21 and CYP6BQ22 from Dastarcus helophoroides (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae)

Chemical pesticides often applied to effectively control the long-horned beetles to protect the forests are reported to affect the non-target organisms adversely. Dastarcus helophoroides is an active natural enemy of long-horned beetles. Studying the molecular mechanism of P450 genes will help to elucidate the metabolic mechanism of pesticides in D. helophoroides to better coordinate the use of chemical and biological controls. In this study, two novel genes, CYP6BQ21, and CYP6BQ22 were successfully cloned from D. helophoroides using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. The sequence and homology analyses indicated that CYP6BQ21 was highly similar to CYP6BQ1 from Tribolium castaneum, while CYP6BQ22 was closely related to CYP6BQ13 from T. castaneum. Gene expression patterns showed that CYP6BQ21 and CYP6BQ22 were specifically expressed in the adult stage of D. helophoroides. In addition, CYP6BQ21 and CYP6BQ22 were significantly expressed under the treatment of a high concentration of cypermethrin. Based on these findings, we proposed that CYP6BQ21 and CYP6BQ22 played possible roles in the development and pesticide stress of D. helophoroides. Our findings are an important first step in identifying and characterizing CYP6BQ21 and CYP6BQ22 from D. helophoroides, and lay the groundwork for future research into the role of these novel CYP6s in the regulation of pesticide resistance in D. helophoroides.