Ecological restoration for water yield increase as an ecosystem service in forested watersheds of south-central Chile

The relationship between ecosystem and ecosystem services is revisited in order to integrate these concepts to water yield, as an important service provided by watersheds for human welfare. We propose that in watersheds disturbed by human activities, water yield can by re-established using the ecological restoration principles and practices. We also suggest a reference image integrating social, economic and environmental dimensions, and at the same time increasing research and education capacities. We discuss research progress in Chile regarding these issues referred to a study in small watersheds in the Reserva Costera Valdiviana, projected as a Long Term Ecosystem Research site. We conclude that it is necessary to improve both, scientific knowledge and outreach programs about ecosystem services, through a transdisciplinary approach and methods.