Constraint on the matter-antimatter symmetry-violating phase in neutrino oscillations

被引：310

作者：

Abe, K. ^{[60
]}

Akutsu, R. ^{[61
]}

Ali, A. ^{[37
]}

Alt, C. ^{[11
]}

Andreopoulos, C. ^{[39
,58
]}

Anthony, L. ^{[39
]}

Antonova, M. ^{[19
,20
]}

Aoki, S. ^{[36
]}

Ariga, A. ^{[2
]}

Ashida, Y. ^{[37
]}

Atkin, E. T. ^{[36
]}

Awataguchi, Y. ^{[63
]}

Ban, S. ^{[37
]}

Barbi, M. ^{[50
]}

Barker, G. J. ^{[70
]}

Barr, G. ^{[47
]}

Barry, C. ^{[39
]}

Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M. ^{[15
]}

Beloshapkin, A. ^{[31
]}

Bench, F. ^{[39
]}

Berardi, V. ^{[23
,24
]}

Berkman, S. ^{[4
,66
]}

Berns, L. ^{[62
]}

Bhadra, S. ^{[74
]}

Bienstock, S. ^{[57
]}

Blondel, A. ^{[13
,75
]}

Bolognesi, S. ^{[6
]}

Bourguille, B. ^{[18
]}

Boyd, S. B. ^{[70
]}

Brailsford, D. ^{[38
]}

Bravar, A. ^{[13
]}

Berguno, D. Bravo ^{[1
]}

Bronner, C. ^{[60
]}

Bubak, A. ^{[55
]}

Avanzini, M. Buizza ^{[10
]}

Calcutt, J. ^{[41
]}

Campbell, T. ^{[7
]}

Cao, S. ^{[16
]}

Cartwright, S. L. ^{[54
]}

Catanesi, M. G. ^{[23
,24
]}

Cervera, A. ^{[19
,20
]}

Chappell, A. ^{[70
]}

Checchia, C. ^{[27
,28
]}

Cherdack, D. ^{[17
]}

Chikuma, N. ^{[59
]}

Christodoulou, G. ^{[12
]}

Coleman, J. ^{[39
]}

Collazuol, G. ^{[27
,28
]}

Cook, L. ^{[33
,47
]}

Coplowe, D. ^{[47
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Theoret Phys, Madrid, Spain

[2] Univ Bern, Albert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, High Energy Phys Lab, Bern, Switzerland

[3] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, 590 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[4] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC, Canada

[5] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA

[6] CEA Saclay, IRFU, Gif Sur Yvette, France

[7] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[8] Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[9] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA

[10] CNRS, Ecole Polytech, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, France

[11] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys & Astrophys, Zurich, Switzerland

[12] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Geneva 23, Switzerland

[13] Univ Geneva, DPNC, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland

[14] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland

[15] H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland

[16] KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

[17] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX USA

[18] Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain

[19] CSIC, IFIC, Valencia, Spain

[20] Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain

[21] ICISE, IFIRSE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam

[22] Imperial Coll London, Dept Phys, London, England

[23] INFN, Sez Bari, Bari, Italy

[24] Univ & Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Interuniv Fis, Bari, Italy

[25] INFN, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy

[26] Univ Napoli, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy

[27] INFN, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy

[28] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis, Padua, Italy

[29] INFN, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy

[30] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

[31] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow, Russia

[32] VAST, IOP, Int Ctr Phys, 10 Dao Tan, Hanoi, Vietnam

[33] Univ Tokyo, Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan

[34] Keio Univ, Dept Phys, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan

[35] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, London, England

[36] Kobe Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan

[37] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto, Japan

[38] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England

[39] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool, Merseyside, England

[40] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA

[41] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[42] Miyagi Univ Educ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

[43] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Warsaw, Poland

[44] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[45] Okayama Univ, Dept Phys, Okayama, Japan

[46] Osaka City Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka, Japan

[47] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England

[48] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA

[49] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England

[50] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK, Canada

来源：

NATURE | 2020年 / 580卷 / 7803期

基金：

加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;

关键词：

HIGH-ENERGY; SIMULATION; AXIS;

D O I：

10.1038/s41586-020-2177-0

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

The charge-conjugation and parity-reversal (CP) symmetry of fundamental particles is a symmetry between matter and antimatter. Violation of this CP symmetry was first observed in 1964(1), and CP violation in the weak interactions of quarks was soon established(2). Sakharov proposed(3) that CP violation is necessary to explain the observed imbalance of matter and antimatter abundance in the Universe. However, CP violation in quarks is too small to support this explanation. So far, CP violation has not been observed in non-quark elementary particle systems. It has been shown that CP violation in leptons could generate the matter-antimatter disparity through a process called leptogenesis(4). Leptonic mixing, which appears in the standard model's charged current interactions(5,6), provides a potential source of CP violation through a complex phase dCP, which is required by some theoretical models of leptogenesis(7-9). This CP violation can be measured in muon neutrino to electron neutrino oscillations and the corresponding antineutrino oscillations, which are experimentally accessible using accelerator-produced beams as established by the Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) and NOvA experiments(10,11). Until now, the value of dCP has not been substantially constrained by neutrino oscillation experiments. Here we report a measurement using long-baseline neutrino and antineutrino oscillations observed by the T2K experiment that shows a large increase in the neutrino oscillation probability, excluding values of dCP that result in a large increase in the observed antineutrino oscillation probability at three standard deviations (3 sigma). The 3 sigma confidence interval for delta(CP), which is cyclic and repeats every 2p, is [-3.41, -0.03] for the so-called normal mass ordering and [-2.54, -0.32] for the inverted mass ordering. Our results indicate CP violation in leptons and our method enables sensitive searches for matter-antimatter asymmetry in neutrino oscillations using accelerator-produced neutrino beams. Future measurements with larger datasets will test whether leptonic CP violation is larger than the CP violation in quarks.

引用

页码：339 / +

页数：10

共 57 条

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