Kicking It Out? Football Fans' Views of Anti-Racism Initiatives in English Football

被引：15

作者：

Penfold, Connor ^{[1
]}

Cleland, Jamie ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Ulster, Ulster, North Ireland

[2] Univ South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

来源：

JOURNAL OF SPORT & SOCIAL ISSUES | 2022年 / 46卷 / 02期

关键词：

fans; football; racism; kick it out; whiteness; CRITICAL RACE THEORY; SOCIAL MEDIA; ROONEY RULE; RACISM; BLACK; EXPERIENCES; HOMOPHOBIA; DIVERSITY; WHITENESS; FRANCE;

D O I：

10.1177/01937235211067190

中图分类号：

F [经济];

学科分类号：

02 ;

摘要：

This article explores the views of 906 football fans (96% of whom selfidentified as White), collected via an online survey from May-June 2019, regarding the impact of the leading equality and inclusion organization, Kick It Out, in delivering initiatives to challenge the multifaceted expressions of racism by some White English football fans. Whilst fans recognize the importance of raising awareness of racial discrimination, nearly three quarters of White fans do not engage with any Kick It Out initiatives. In the face of new challenges, including the largely unregulated space of social media, and a socio-political climate that has facilitated the resurgence of overtly expressed bigoted, colour and cultural-based racisms, the article stresses that the English football authorities must support the work of anti-racism organizations to increase their potency amongst White fans if racial discrimination is to be more effectively challenged in the future.

引用

页码：176 / 198

页数：23

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