Effect of soil and substructure properties on live-load distribution in integral abutment bridges

This study is aimed at investigating the effect of soil-structure interaction and substructure properties at the abutments on the distribution of live-load effects in integral abutment bridge (IAB) components. For this purpose, numerous 3D and corresponding 2D structural models of typical IABs are built and analyzed under AASHTO live-load. In the analyses, the effect of various geotechnical and substructure properties such as foundation soil stiffness, considering and neglecting the effect of backfill, backfill compaction level, considering and neglecting the effect of wingwalls, abutment height and thickness, as well as number, size, and orientation of the piles are considered. The results from the 2D and 3D analyses are then used to calculate the live-load distribution factors (LLDFs) for the components of IABs as a function of the above-mentioned properties. The analyses results revealed that soil-structure interaction has a significant effect on the LLDFs for the abutment, but negligible effects on those for the girders and piles. Furthermore, the abutment height is observed to have a considerable effect on the LLDFs calculated for the abutment and pile moments. Moreover, the wingwalls are observed to have only a negligible effect on the LLDFs for all the IAB components.