Determinants of salivary cotinine level: a population-based study in Brazil

被引:18
作者
Figueiredo, Valeska Carvalho [1 ]
Szklo, Moyses [2 ]
Szklo, Andre Salem [1 ]
Benowitz, Neal [3 ,4 ,5 ]
Lozana, Jose Azevedo [1 ]
Casado, Leticia [1 ]
Masson, Elaine [1 ]
Samet, Jonathan [2 ]
机构
[1] Inst Nacl Canc, Dept Epidemiol & Vigilancia, BR-20231048 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
[2] Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA
[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[4] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[5] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Clin Pharmacol, Dept Biopharmaceut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
来源
REVISTA DE SAUDE PUBLICA | 2007年 / 41卷 / 06期
关键词
smoking; cotinine; pharmacokinetics; cross-sectional studies;
D O I
10.1590/S0034-89102006005000048
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
OBJECTIVE: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted to assess, in active smokers, the relationship of number of cigarettes smoked and other characteristics to salivary cotinine concentrations. METHODS: A random sample of active smokers aged 15 years or older was selected using a stepwise cluster sample strategy, in the year 2000 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study included 401 subjects. Salivary cotinine concentration was determined using gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. A standard questionnaire was used to collect demographic and smoking behavioral data. The relation between the number of cigarettes smoked in the last 24h and cotinine level was examined by means of a nonparametric fitting technique of robust locally weighted regression. RESULTS: Significantly (p 0.05) higher adjusted mean cotinine levels were found in subjects smoking their first cigarette within five minutes after waking up, and in those smoking 1-20 cigarettes in the last 24h who reported inhaling more than the time. In those smoking 1-20 cigarettes, the slope was significantly higher for those subjects waiting for more than five minutes before smoking their first cigarette after waking up, and those smoking "light" cigarettes when compared with their counterparts. These heterogeneities became negligible and non-significant when subjects with cotinine > 40 ng/mL per cigarette were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: There was found a positive association between self-reporting smoking five minutes after waking up, and inhaling more than the time are consistent and higher cotinine levels. These can be markers of dependence and higher nicotine intake. Salivary cotinine proved to be a useful biomarker of recent smoking and can be used in epidemiological studies and smoking cessation programs.
引用
收藏
页码:954 / 962
页数:9
相关论文
共 23 条
[1]   PATTERNS OF CIGARETTE CONSUMPTION AND COTININE LEVELS AMONG AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN SMOKERS [J].
AHIJEVYCH, KL ;
WEWERS, ME .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 1994, 150 (05) :1229-1233
[2]   Gender differences in the pharmacology of nicotine addiction [J].
Benowitz, NL ;
Hatsukami, D .
ADDICTION BIOLOGY, 1998, 3 (04) :383-404
[3]   Oral contraceptives induce CYP2A6 activity and accelerate nicotine metabolism. [J].
Benowitz, NL ;
Swan, GL ;
Lessov, CN ;
Jacob, P .
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 2004, 75 (02) :P36-P36
[4]   Slower metabolism and reduced intake of nicotine from cigarette smoking in Chinese-Americans [J].
Benowitz, NL ;
Pérez-Stable, EJ ;
Herrera, B ;
Jacob, P .
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE, 2002, 94 (02) :108-115
[5]   CIRCADIAN BLOOD NICOTINE CONCENTRATIONS DURING CIGARETTE-SMOKING [J].
BENOWITZ, NL ;
KUYT, F ;
JACOB, P .
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 1982, 32 (06) :758-764
[6]   SMOKERS OF LOW-YIELD CIGARETTES DO NOT CONSUME LESS NICOTINE [J].
BENOWITZ, NL ;
HALL, SM ;
HERNING, RI ;
JACOB, P ;
JONES, RT ;
OSMAN, AL .
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 1983, 309 (03) :139-142
[7]   Cotinine as a biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure [J].
Benowitz, NL .
EPIDEMIOLOGIC REVIEWS, 1996, 18 (02) :188-204
[8]   STABLE ISOTOPE STUDIES OF NICOTINE KINETICS AND BIOAVAILABILITY [J].
BENOWITZ, NL ;
JACOB, P ;
DENARO, C ;
JENKINS, R .
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 1991, 49 (03) :270-277
[9]   NICOTINE AND CARBON-MONOXIDE INTAKE FROM HIGH-YIELD AND LOW-YIELD CIGARETTES [J].
BENOWITZ, NL ;
JACOB, P .
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 1984, 36 (02) :265-270
[10]   Racial and ethnic differences in serum cotinine levels of cigarette smokers - Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991 [J].
Caraballo, RS ;
Giovino, GA ;
Pechacek, TF ;
Mowery, PD ;
Richter, PA ;
Strauss, WJ ;
Sharp, DJ ;
Eriksen, MP ;
Pirkle, JL ;
Maurer, KR .
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 1998, 280 (02) :135-139