Salvianolate injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction A systematic review and a meta-analysis

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Salvianolate injection (SI) in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction (ACI). We electronically searched databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang Data to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on SI treating ACI up to August 2017. Two reviewers independently screened literatures, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 39 RCTs involving 4516 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with the Western medicine (WM) therapies group [experimental group (EG)], the total effective rate of SI+WM [control group (CG)] was higher (relative risk=1.29, 95% CI: 1.24-1.35, P<.00001) in 21 RCTs; SI could improve movement function evaluation scores, including National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, Barthel Index, activities of daily living (P<.00001). There was no significant difference in modified Rankin Scale scores between the 2 groups (P=.008) EG was better than CG in improving Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (P=.001) and Mini-Mental State Examination scores (P<.00001). SI could improved not only the hemorheology indexes, including plasma viscosity, whole blood high-shear viscosity, whole blood low-shear viscosity, fibrinogen (P<.00001), but also high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and C-reactive protein. EG could achieve a better effect on improving the neural deficit scores (P<.00001). There was no significant difference about adverse drug reactions/adverse drug events between the EG and CG (P=.73). Salvianolate can promote recovery of the motor and cognitive function of patients with ACI. However, due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.