Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistance and Extensively-drug Resistance in Gram-Negative Clinical Isolates from Outpatients

The aim of the study was to identify multidrug-resistance (MDR) and extensively drug-resistance (XDR) in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria obtained from specimens of non-hospitalized patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of one year (January 2015 to December 2015) and samples were cultured and bacterial strains were identified. Susceptibility of bacteria against different antibiotics was analyzed to identify MDR and XDR. A total of 1005 of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis isolates were analyzed by the disc diffusion method. MDR was found in 91% (620/680), 56% (140/248), 62.16% (46/74) and 0%, whereas XDR was found 6.32% (43/680), 12.6% (31/248), 37.83% (28/74) and 0% respectively. It was concluded that a high prevalence of MDR was found in gram-negative isolates along with appearance of possible XDR. So it is needed to monitor the appropriate use of antibiotics and to perform proper screenings along with hygienic practices to overcome the risk of infections.