On-line analysis of coffee roasting with ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS)

On-line analysis of coffee roasting was performed using ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) with corona discharge ionization. This is the first time that formation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during coffee roasting was monitored not only in positive but also in negative ion mode, and not only with mass spectrometry, but also with ion mobility spectrometry. The temporal evolution of more than 150 VOCs was monitored during the roasting of Brazilian Coffea arabica. Mass-selective ion mobility spectrometry allowed a separation of isobaric and isomeric compounds. In positive ion mode, isomers of alkyl pyrazines were found to exhibit distinct time-intensity profiles during roasting, providing a unique insight into the complex chemistry of this important class of aroma active compounds. Negative ion mode gave access to species poorly detectable by other on-line methods, such as acids. In this study, the release of fatty acids during coffee roasting was investigated in detail. These increase early on in the roasting process followed by a decrease at the same time as other VOCs start to be formed. (c) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.