Characteristics Assessment of Online YouTube Videos on Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer

Introduction The internet has become a mainstay source of health information for cancer patients. Online patient education videos are common; however, there have been no studies examining the quality of publicly available videos on radiotherapy for lung cancer (one of the most common forms of cancer). To fill this knowledge gap, we aim to systematically map and objectively assess videos discussing radiotherapy for lung cancer on YouTube. Methods The terms "radiotherapy for lung cancer," "radiation for lung cancer," "radiation therapy for lung cancer," and "radiation treatment for lung cancer" were searched on YouTube using a clear-cache browser. Results were sorted by relevance and the top 50 English-language results for each search were recorded. After removing duplicates, each video was assessed for length, Video Power Index (VPI, which is the product of a video's average daily views and like and dislike ratio), source, content, comment moderation, and misinformation. Two raters were used to ensure consistency. Results were evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results A total of 88 unique videos resulted from the search. The median video length was 4 minutes and 5 seconds. The average VPI was 10.9 (95% 1.5-20.4) and the median number of views was 954.5. All videos were published between July 8, 2009 and November 18, 2020. Of the videos, 44% were published within the past two years. A total of 61% of the videos were from the USA, 14% were from the UK, 6% from Australia, 5% each from Canada and India, and other countries make up the remaining 10%. Most of the videos were published by healthcare facilities (39%) and non-profit organizations (31%). Content-wise, 95% of videos contain information specific to lung cancer. A total of 46 videos (52%) were targeted toward patient education. Of which, 37 covered radiotherapy for lung cancer, 12 covered side effects for radiotherapy, and 11 covered both. The other 42 videos (48%) were designed for a professional audience. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SHRT)/stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) was the most commonly described radiotherapy modality (42%), and the physician interview was the most common format, being used in 59% of videos. Out of the 38 videos with at least one comment, only two (5%) were moderated by the host channel. None of the videos featured misleading information. Conclusions This study comprehensively surveyed YouTube videos pertaining to radiotherapy for lung cancer to provide a high-level overview of the information that patients may find online. Although nearly half of the videos describe lung cancer radiotherapy for patients, only a small proportion comprehensively cover both radiotherapy and its side effects. The results of our study can help guide the development of patient education tools and encourage healthcare providers to recognize the limitations of online health information and proactively address patient questions regarding radiotherapy. Future research could examine videos on other lung cancer treatment options or radiotherapy for other cancers.