Using even terms of the scattering series for deghosting and multiple attenuation of ocean-bottom cable data

Inverse scattering multiple attenuation (ISMA) is a method of removing free-surface multiple energy while preserving primary energy. The other key feature of ISMA is that no knowledge of the subsurface is required in its application. I have adapted this method to multicomponent ocean-bottom cable data (i.e., to arrays of sea-floor geophones and hydrophones) by selecting a subseries made of even terms of the current scattering series used in the free-surface multiple attenuation of conventional marine surface seismic data (streamer data). This subseries approach allows me to remove receiver ghosts (receiver-side reverberations) and free-surface multiples (source-side reverberations) in multicomponent OBC data. I have processed each component separately. As for the streamer case, my OBC version of ISMA preserves primary energy and does not require any knowledge of the subsurface. Moreover, the preprocessing steps of muting for the direct wave and interpolating for missing near offsets are no longer needed. Knowledge of the source signature is still required. The existing ways of satisfying this requirement for streamer data can be used for OBC data without modification. This method differs from the present dual-field deghosting method used in OBC data processing in that it does not assume a horizontally flat sea floor; nor does it require the knowledge of the acoustic impedance below the sea floor. Furthermore, it attenuates all free-surface multiples, including receiver ghosts and source-side reverberations.