Meeting the needs of families of patients in intensive care units

As patients in intensive care units (ICUs) are not always able to decide for themselves, their family must receive thorough information on the diagnosis, prognosis and available treatments (unless the patient has expressed his/her opposition). It is crucial to provide this information before requesting the family's involvement. Together, the family and ICU physicians can ensure that the patient receives the most appropriate care. Next-of-kin may either be called on to make decisions (as surrogates) or simply to offer their considered opinion. Good communication and information are a source of comfort and empowerment for the family, especially in end-of-lije settings. Finally we examine areas warranting further research on the family-physician relationship in ICUs.