LRG-BEASTS: Sodium absorption and Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere of WASP-94A b using NTT/EFOSC2

被引：24

作者：

Ahrer, E. ^{[1
,2
]}

Wheatley, P. J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Kirk, J. ^{[3
]}

Gandhi, S. ^{[1
,2
,4
]}

King, G. W. ^{[1
,2
,5
]}

Louden, T. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Warwick, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitabil, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[2] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England

[3] Harvard & Smithsonian, Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[4] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Postbus 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[5] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

来源：

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY | 2022年 / 510卷 / 04期

基金：

英国科学技术设施理事会;

关键词：

methods: observational; techniques: spectroscopic; planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: individual: WASP-94A b; OPTICAL-TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM; GAUSSIAN PROCESS FRAMEWORK; NEPTUNE-MASS EXOPLANET; HD; 189733B; GAS-GIANT; FEATURELESS SPECTRUM; ORBITAL MOTION; SUPER-EARTH; HOT; SPECTROSCOPY;

D O I：

10.1093/mnras/stab3805

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present an optical transmission spectrum for WASP-94A b, the first atmospheric characterization of this highly-inflated hot Jupiter. The planet has a reported radius of 1.72(-0.05)(+0.06) RJ(up), a mass of only 0.456(-0.036)(+0) (.032) MJ(up), and an equilibrium temperature of 1508 +/- 75 K. We observed the planet transit spectroscopically with the EFOSC2 instrument on the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT) at La Silla, Chile: the first use of NTT/EFOSC2 for transmission spectroscopy. We achieved an average transit-depth precision of 128 ppm for bin widths of similar to 200 angstrom. This high precision was achieved in part by linking Gaussian Process hyperparameters across all wavelength bins. The resulting transmission spectrum, spanning a wavelength range of 3800-7140 A, exhibits a sodium absorption with a significance of 4.9 sigma, suggesting a relatively cloud-free atmosphere. The sodium signal may be broadened, with a best-fitting width of 78(-32)(+67) angstrom in contrast to the instrumental resolution of 27.2 +/- 0.2 angstrom. We also detect a steep slope in the blue end of the transmission spectrum, indicating the presence of Rayleigh scattering in the atmosphere of WASP-94A b. Retrieval models show evidence for the observed slope to be super-Rayleigh and potential causes are discussed. Finally, we find narrow absorption cores in the Call H&K lines of WASP-94A, suggesting the star is enshrouded in gas escaping the hot Jupiter.

引用

页码：4857 / 4871

页数：15

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