Should tuberculosis treatment and control be addressed differently in HIV-infected and -uninfected individuals?

被引:13
作者
Dlodlo, RA
Fujiwara, PI
Enarson, DA
机构
[1] Int Union Against TB & Lung Dis, F-75006 Paris, France
[2] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA
关键词
case management; HIV; treatment; tuberculosis;
D O I
10.1183/09031936.05.10090404
中图分类号
R56 [呼吸系及胸部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Infection with HIV drives the tuberculosis epidemic, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where up to 75 % of individuals with tuberculosis are co-infected with HIV. This article reviews the epidemiological link between the conditions, how tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment differ between HIV-infected versus -uninfected individuals and the span of additional measures required to prevent and control HIV-related tuberculosis. Tuberculosis chemotherapy using standard short-course regimens is highly effective in both groups, and treatment follows the same principles. It differs in certain aspects, such as when antiretroviral treatment should be started in HIV-infected individuals with tuberculosis and consideration of drug-drug interactions between the rifamycins and certain antiretroviral drugs. Control of HIV-related tuberculosis requires, fundamentally, control of HIV transmission. Meanwhile, it is necessary to make concentrated efforts to intensify high-quality tuberculosis services employing the directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS) strategy, carry out extensive research towards an evidence-based model for the expanded scope of collaborative tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS interventions, and ensure efficient implementation of the findings and recommended policies. The challenge is gigantic, and both robust within-country and international leadership and competent management capabilities will be required, in addition to substantial human and financial resources.
引用
收藏
页码:751 / 757
页数:7
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