Kinematic on Ankle and Knee Joint of Post-Stroke Elderly Patients by Wearing Newly Elastic Band-Type Ankle-Foot Orthosis in Gait

Purpose: The post-stroke elderly was increased caused by increasing stroke and advanced medical. However, ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) can be uncomfortable for hemiplegic patients; therefore, the usability is not good. In this study, we analyzed ankle and knee joint angles in post-stroke elderly patients to assess the functional effectiveness (specifically prevention of back knee and drop-foot) of a new elastic band-type AFO (New Product: NP) during gait. Patients and methods: Nine elderly post-stroke patients (eight males, one female; 55.7 +/- 8.4 years; 165.8 +/- 9.2 cm; 68.8 +/- 11.5 kg; five with right hemiplegia, four with left hemiplegia; onset period: 6.6 years) were selected for participation in this study. We captured gait motion using 12 cameras (MX-T20, Vicon, Inc., Oxford, UK) under three different conditions [wearing nothing (WI), using existing ordinary AFOs made from hard plastic material (EP), and using NP]. The angle variation and maximum-minimum angle of the lower body joints were analyzed during dorsi-plantar flexion of the ankle joint and flexion-extension of knee joint. A one-way ANOVA test for multiple comparisons was performed, followed by a Tukey's b test to identify statistical significance, which was set at 0.005. Results: Regarding the ankle joint, the maximum plantar flexion (drop-foot) value decreased with the NP, and the maximum dorsiflexion value increased. Regarding the knee joint, the maximum extension (back knee) value decreased, and the maximum flexion value increased (p < 0.005). Conclusion: Using analysis of the kinematics of the ankles and knees during walking, this research confirmed the effectiveness of the NP, an elastic band-type AFO, for use in ordinary post-stroke elderly patients.