Detection of a complex of viruses in tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) orchards in the Andean region of Colombia

Tamarillo is one of the main fruit crops in the Andean region of Colombia. However, due to expansion of viral diseases, the cultivated area has undergone a rapid decline during recent years. In this work, we report the taxonomical identity of some of the viruses present in the main tamarillo producing regions in Colombia. The presence of AMV, CMV, PLRV, Potyvirus, ToMV, ToRSV and TSWV was evaluated by ELISA in the provinces of Antioquia, Boyaca, Cundinamarca, Narino and Putumayo. These results were complemented with RT-PCR and cDNA sequencing of the corresponding coat regions. Potyvirus, CMV and PLRV are the most predominant viruses, each virus being detected in at least one sample. Sequencing results revealed high levels of identity of PVY and PLRV from tamarillo with virus strains from potato crops, suggesting the possibility of cross infection. Our findings confirm that a virus complex is responsible for the decline of tamarillo productivity in Colombia.