Relative Rates of Surface and Volume Synthesis Set Bacterial Cell Size

被引:146
作者
Harris, Leigh K. [1 ,2 ]
Theriot, Julie A. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Biophys Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[2] Stanford Univ, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
关键词
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIVISION CYCLE; GROWTH; CAULOBACTER; HOMEOSTASIS; TOPOGRAPHY; MREB;
D O I
10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.045
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Many studies have focused on the mechanisms underlying length and width determination in rod-shaped bacteria. Here, we focus instead on cell surface area to volume ratio (SA/V) and demonstrate that SA/V homeostasis underlies size determination. We propose a model whereby the instantaneous rates of surface and volume synthesis both scale with volume. This model predicts that these relative rates dictate SA/V and that cells approach a new steady-state SA/V exponentially, with a decay constant equal to the volume growth rate. To test this, we exposed diverse bacterial species to sublethal concentrations of a cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor and observed dose-dependent decreases in SA/V. Furthermore, this decrease was exponential and had the expected decay constant. The model also quantitatively describes SA/V alterations induced by other chemical, nutritional, and genetic perturbations. We additionally present evidence for a surface material accumulation threshold underlying division, sensitizing cell length to changes in SA/V requirements.
引用
收藏
页码:1479 / 1492
页数:14
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