Resolving the Paradox of Oceanic Large-Scale Balance and Small-Scale Mixing

被引:76
作者
Marino, R. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Pouquet, A. [1 ,4 ]
Rosenberg, D. [5 ]
机构
[1] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA
[2] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[3] CNR, Inst Chem Phys Proc IPCF, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy
[4] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[5] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
关键词
ROTATING STRATIFIED TURBULENCE; 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; INVERSE CASCADES; INTERNAL WAVES; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SOLAR-WIND; FLOWS; TRANSITION; RESOLUTION;
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.114504
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
A puzzle of oceanic dynamics is the contrast between the observed geostrophic balance, involving gravity, pressure gradient, and Coriolis forces, and the necessary turbulent transport: in the former case, energy flows to large scales, leading to spectral condensation, whereas in the latter, it is transferred to small scales, where dissipation prevails. The known bidirectional constant-flux energy cascade maintaining both geostrophic balance and mixing tends towards flux equilibration as turbulence strengthens, contradicting models and recent observations which find a dominant large-scale flux. Analyzing a large ensemble of high-resolution direct numerical simulations of the Boussinesq equations in the presence of rotation and no salinity, we show that the ratio of the dual energy flux to large and to small scales agrees with observations, and we predict that it scales with the inverse of the Froude and Rossby numbers when stratification is (realistically) stronger than rotation. Furthermore, we show that the kinetic and potential energies separately undergo a bidirectional transfer to larger and smaller scales. Altogether, this allows for small-scale mixing which drives the global oceanic circulation and will thus potentially lead to more accurate modeling of climate dynamics.
引用
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页数:5
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