Tailoring of the titanium surface by preparing cardiovascular endothelial extracellular matrix layer on the hyaluronic acid micro-pattern for improving biocompatibility

It has been proved that high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA, 1 x 10(6) Da) microstrips on titanium (Ti) surface can elongate the human vascular endothelial cell (EC) morphology, subsequently enhance endothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in our previous work. The HMW-HA micro-strips were anticipated to possess good hemocompatibility and EC compatibility simultaneously. However, the single HMW-HA micro-strips on Ti substrate showed bad hemocompatibility. To solve this problem, a method combining HA micro-pattern and EC decellularization was developed, and the endothelial extracellular matrix layer on the HA micro-pattern (ECM/HAP) showed excellent hemocompatibility and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) compatibility (cell number: 143 +/- 0.5 x 10(5) cells/cm(2) >2.2 +/- 0.7 x 10(5) cells/cm(2) on ECM/TiOH, 7.5 +/- 1.3 x 10(5) cells/cm(2) on TiOH, 3.4 +/- 0.9 x 10(5) cells/cm(2) on TiOH/HAP and 3.6 +/- 1.2 x 10(5) cells/cm(2) on Ti). We also found that the ECM/HAP coating could significantly inhibit the excessive proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) (cck-8 absorption: 0.25 +/- 0.06< 1.18 +/- 0.09 A.U. on ECM/TiOH, 0.87 +/- 0.15 A.U. on TiOH and 1.55 +/- 0.11 A.U. on Ti) and the attachment of macrophages (cell number: 1.3 +/- 0.1 x 10(3) <9.2 +/- 1.5 x 10(3) cells/cm(2) on ECM/TiOH, 8.8 +/- 0.3 x 10(3) cells/cm(2) on TiOH, 7.3 +/- 0.7 x 10(3) cells/cm(2) on TiOH/HAP and 9.6 +/- 0.9 x 10(3) cells/cm(2) on Ti in 12h). These data suggest that the multifunctional ECM/HAP coating can be used to build the bionic human endothelial ECM on the biomaterials surface, which might provide a potential and effective method for surface modification of cardiovascular devices. (c) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.