The rise of the ants:: A phylogenetic and ecological explanation

被引:230
作者
Wilson, EO [1 ]
Hölldobler, B
机构
[1] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[2] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
[3] Univ Wurzburg, Biozentrum, Theodor Boveri Inst Biowissensch, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany
关键词
ecology; evolution; phylogeny; sociobiology;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.0502264102
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
In the past two decades, studies of anatomy, behavior, and, most recently, DNA sequences have clarified the phylogeny of the ants at the subfamily and generic levels. In addition, a rich new harvest of Cretaceous and Paleogene fossils has helped to date the major evolutionary radiations. We collate this information and then add data from the natural history of the modern fauna to sketch a history of major ecological adaptations at the subfamily level. The key events appear to have been, first, a mid-Cretaceous initial radiation in forest ground litter and soil coincident with the rise of the angiosperms (flowering plants), then a Paleogene advance to ecological dominance in concert with that of the angiosperms in tropical forests, and, finally, an expansion of some of the lineages, aided by changes in diet away from dependence on predation, upward into the canopy, and outward into more xeric environments.
引用
收藏
页码:7411 / 7414
页数:4
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